John dickinson



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JOHN DIeKiNsomeF BARIDGE, NEW" YORK.

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To al whom itmay omwern; Y Be' it known Athat 1, VJOHN DxcluNsoN, of Bay Ridge, Kings county, and State of New York, have invented -ai new article of Manufacture of .Mineral Carbon, or diamond-cutters, or dressers, for cutting, fdressing, and sawing stone, metal, and other sub'- 'stancesg and I do hereby 'declare that the following is a full description pf the'salne. V

For a proper understanding of the objects* of my in-i `vention, it wi1l he important. to give a brief explanation of the nature. and properties of the -articlecalled mineralcarbon, or diamonds, as foundn the natural heretofore used for cutting ordressing stone.

Mineralcarbon, though of the same characteristics as the gem diamond, and therefore generally called a diamond, yet isgtotally unlike the gem diamond, as'

being blaclr or'brown, and opaque, and at the' same time much harder.

Their natural shape or fdrm also differs from the gem diamondfgen'erally presenting a rough, irregular, pebbly` appearance, but utterly destitute 'ofany faces or plain surfaces.

' Owing to its extreme hardness, it was, for a long gignding and shaping been applied to toolsfor drilling'rocks, dressing inill-y stones, and other like purposes."

'manufaeturing'the natural mineral carbon intothe varied shapes 'of-'ldrill-points 'or' cutters, for dressing,

' cutting, 'b9ring,; or' sawing stone, metal, or other hard 4substances, and shaping them at thesame'time, so as to admit of vtheir vbeing securely "andil firmly set in the various kinds `of ietal tools in Awhi'h they may be used.l r

part of this. specification, the same letters of reference, wherever theyoccur, referring to like parts. Figure 1 represents .a chiselpoint cutter formatiQn.- Figure 2,' atriangular prism-like cutter or dresser. .iiigure 3, a quadrangular prism-like dresser, having Figure 4, a quadrangular double-faced. drillpoint. Figure. a cuhimmat'ion. 1 Figure (i, a lozen'ge-shaped cube.

describe myinvention more particularly, I `will refer to the acco'mpanyingdrawings, forming a Figure 7,'a'double-inc-lined plane or wedge-shaped formation.

; AFigureS, a drill-faced prism. Figure 9, a drillfiaced parallelpgram formation. Figure 10, a fiat drill-point. 'l Figure 11, a dat oval drill-pointformation. Figure 12, a'pyramidaldrill-point formation.- c Ehe manufacturing of these various shapes is in tended to include all the necessary drills, cutters, or dressers required; for drilling, cutting, and dressing stone, metal, or other hard substances, and at the sainev time shape them so as u facilitate their easy `rand perfectly secure adjustment inthe tool-holder.

To form thegn into the various shapes necessary to I obtain a cutting-point or edge, aswell as a good base for setting, has been supposed to-be impraoticable, ow-

ing to the immense hardness of mineral carbon;

In the United States it is not possible to do it at present, for want of the skilled labor, and the very limited demand, as yet, for the article.

A' d in Europe, where I have'liadtc go 'to have my invention worked out into the requisite shapes, whichv f I have'enumerated asl my new manufacture, it was at first declared not only impraoticable, but also too costly to attemptto shape mineral carbon by the ordinary `-lap`idary. process. 4

By great labor, however, with the facilities afforded .by the skilled labor of the regular diamond-dressers or lapidaries, I wasenabled to reduce, and soshape the naturai mineral carbon, as to carry out the principles of my new manufacture, and thus. utilize the mineral carbon, by artificially4 shaping them into wedge and other forms, so as to obtain the best results, uotfonly iii-cutting, but also in setting them in the tool.

From the fact that the most experienced diamondcutters or'dressers of Holland, not deeming it practicable to shape .natural inineral carbon, and the further fact that the lapidary-wheel had 'to be discarded in,

the series of experiments Iinstituted io carry out my invention, establishes the fact that it was never before done, and therefore isa new manufacture, which, sov

soon as -the 'immensely superior advantages of a secure 'and durable setting are ascertained, and a' scientifically-formed'cutting-edge is obtained, or shown Ato ex` ist, wilt-add greatly to their general adaptation, and to -thewealth of the country, lby cheapening the labor. of all=stbne-cutting, or dressing,or mining operations.

The process by which I form the diamond or carbon into the required shape, is simply by rubbing or abrading one' piece of carbon against another,' without the assistance of a lap or other grinding-power,` besides' that of the hand. Y

The carbons ordiamonds are taoken iu their original form, and are insertediuto a soluble cemlntcrgixsed e. ed

of one part of rosin and two parte of s at the ends of two sticks or holders, and then abraded or rubbed, one against the other, until the desired angie is obtained; and when thus formed, may be ap-v plied for drills, cutters, and dressers for workingfstone 6r any hard substance.

Having now described my invention, I will proceed to set forth what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States. v

I claim- 1. The within-described process for forming mineral earbons in any shape desired, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

2. As a new alticle of manufaeture, mineral carbon,- when formed in shape for making drills, cutters, ordressers, for drilling, cutting, or dressing stone, metal,

or other hard substances, substantially as herein set forth.

Witnesses: JOHN rDIOKNSON.`

CHARLES L. BAnmT'r, FRANKLIN BARRITT. 

